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Gram+: bacterial cell wall

· Gram+ has:
+hick pepidoglycan layer.
+eichoic acid in wall.
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---Gilvano Amorim Oliveira Universidade de santo Amaro- São Paulo Brasil.

Listeria: motility

Istanbul sounds like Listambul = list + tumble.
Listeria has tumbling motility.
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---Lior Greenberg Technion Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel

Staphylococci: novobiocin test to distinguish coagulase negative staphylococci

Staph epidermidis stays away from the novobiocin disc like an epidemic.
· Therefore, epidermidis is sensitive to novobiocin.
Staph saprophyticus, much friendlier, comes up to the disc and says, "'sap?'" [short for "whassup?", ie "what's up"].
· Therefore, saprophyticus is novobiocin resistant.
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---Lior Greenberg Technion Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel

Streptococci: classification by hemolytic ability

Gamma: Garbage (no hemolytic activity).
Alpha: Almost (almost lyse, but incomplete).
Beta: Best (complete lysis).
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---Robert O'Connor University College Dublin

Streptococcus pyrogenes: antibody

SPAM:
Streptococcus Pyogenes: Antibody to M protein.
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---Anonymous Contributor

Staphylococcus aureus: diseases caused

SOFT PAINS:
Skin infections
Osteomyelitis
Food poisoning
Toxic shock syndrome
Pneumonia
Acute endocarditis
Infective arthritis
Necrotizing fasciitis
Sepsis
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---Marc Miller Sackler School of Medicine

Gram staining: mechanism

"Murein gets the red out" [Allusion to an old eye-wash slogan]:
Peptidoglycan (aka murein) remains purple during Gram staining. The Gram negatives, devoid of murein, are red.
Thus, murein prevents redness and are purple (positive).
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---Caoimhín P. Connell Industrial Hygienist

Hemophilius: culture requirements

Read Hemophilus as "HemoFive":
· Needs Heme with Factors Five and Ten.
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---Dr. Atif Farooq Rawalpindi Medical College, Pakistan, Gujranwal

DNA viruses: morphology rule of thumb

DNA:
Double-stranded
Nuclear replication
'Anhedral symmetry
· Rule breakers: pox (cytoplasmic), parvo (single-stranded).
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---Robert O'Connor University College Dublin

Streptococcus pyogenes: virulence factors

SMASHED:
Streptolysins
M protein
Anti-C5a peptidase
Streptokinase
Hyaluronidase
Exotoxin
DNAses
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---Anonymous Contributor